1. General overview

• 1974 Roland Moreno's demonstration to French banks
• 1979 Michel Ugon's firts card with functional processor
• 90's: decrease in measures, prices; increase in cooperation with other applications; paper based tools are over...
• today: JavaCard (FAQ & DOC, CryptoLibraries, Biometrics, Standards (like ISO 7816)
  
  
• Secure Electronic Transaction (Bank of Ireland)
  
  
• tomorrow: Multos, European "standards", Privacy, Law, Solutions for deficiencies! (see my page: jump)
  

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• Hungary: Hungarian Smartcard Forum with 7 groups:
  basic: identification --> applications --> complex solution
  (test applications in health care system, transport, identity papers)